Sortir Conjugation in French: Full Tables, Tenses, and Être vs Avoir
Sortir Conjugation French: Master Tenses, Verb Tables, and Être vs. Avoir
Mastering the sortir conjugation in French is an essential milestone for every language learner. Translated generally as "to go out", "to leave", or "to take out", sortir is a high-frequency third-group irregular verb. While its endings in simple tenses follow a relatively predictable pattern shared by verbs like partir and dormir, its compound tenses introduce a classic French grammar puzzle: should you conjugate it with être or avoir?
This guide provides full conjugation tables for sortir, breaks down the auxiliary rule with practical examples, and highlights common idioms.
1. Present Tense (Présent de l'Indicatif)
In the present tense, the stem changes between the singular forms (sor-) and the plural forms (sort-).
| Subject Pronoun | Conjugation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Je | sors | I go out / I am going out |
| Tu | sors | You go out (singular informal) |
| Il / Elle / On | sort | He / She / One goes out |
| Nous | sortons | We go out |
| Vous | sortez | You go out (formal/plural) |
| Ils / Elles | sortent | They go out |
- Je sors tous les vendredis soirs. (I go out every Friday evening.)
Example:
2. Passé Composé: When to Use Être vs. Avoir
One of the most critical aspects of sortir conjugation is knowing which auxiliary verb to use in compound tenses.
A. Intransitive Use: Movement (Auxiliary: ÊTRE)
When sortir means "to step out", "to exit", or "to go outside", it does not take a direct object. In this case, you must use être, and the past participle (sorti) must agree in gender and number with the subject.
- Elle est sortie avec ses amies. (She went out with her friends. — feminine agreement: add -e)
- Ils sont sortis du restaurant. (They exited the restaurant. — masculine plural: add -s)
B. Transitive Use: Direct Object (Auxiliary: AVOIR)
When sortir takes a direct object (answering the question what? or whom?), it means "to take out" or "to bring out". You must conjugate it with avoir. In this structure, the past participle does not agree with the subject.
- J'ai sorti le chien. (I took the dog out.)
- Nous avons sorti les poubelles hier. (We took out the trash yesterday.)
Quick Comparison Table (Passé Composé)
| Pronoun | Intransitive (Être + Movement) | Transitive (Avoir + Direct Object) |
|---|---|---|
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Je | suis sorti(e) | ai sorti |
| Tu | es sorti(e) | as sorti |
| Il / Elle | est sorti / sortie | a sorti |
| Nous | sommes sorti(e)s | avons sorti |
| Vous | êtes sorti(e)(s) | avez sorti |
| Ils / Elles | sont sortis / sorties | ont sorti |
Used for continuous or habitual past actions. The stem is always sort- with standard endings (-ais, -ais, -ait, -ions, -iez, -aient).
- Je sortais
- Tu sortais
- Il/Elle sortait
- Nous sortions
- Vous sortiez
- Ils/Elles sortaient
Example: Quand j'étais étudiant, je sortais beaucoup. (When I was a student, I used to go out a lot.)
Simple Future (Futur Simple)
Formed by taking the full infinitive stem sortir- and adding future endings (-ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont).
- Je sortirai
- Tu sortiras
- Il/Elle sortira
- Nous sortirons
- Vous sortirez
- Ils/Elles sortiront
4. Subjunctive and Conditional Moods
Present Subjunctive (Subjonctif Présent)
The subjunctive mood is essential for expressing necessity, wishes, and doubts after triggers like il faut que or bien que.
- Que je sorte
- Que tu sortes
- Qu'il/elle sorte
- Que nous sortions
- Que vous sortiez
- Qu'ils/elles sortent
Example: Il faut que nous sortions avant midi. (We must leave before noon.)
Present Conditional (Conditionnel Présent)
Used for hypothetical scenarios, polite requests, or desires.
- Je sortirais
- Tu sortirais
- Il sortirait
- Nous sortirions
- Vous sortiriez
- Ils sortiraient
5. Imperative (L'Impératif)
- Sors ! (Go out! / Get out! — informal singular)
- Sortons ! (Let's go out!)
- Sortez ! (Go out! — formal or plural)
When giving commands or invitations, use the imperative without subject pronouns:
6. Useful French Idioms with "Sortir"
- S'en sortir : To manage, cope, or get through a difficult situation (C'était difficile, mais elle s'en est sortie.)
- Sortir avec quelqu'un : To date or be in a relationship with someone (Ils sortent ensemble depuis un an.)
- Sortir de l'ordinaire : To be out of the ordinary or unconventional (Ce film sort vraiment de l'ordinaire.)
- Sortir par les yeux : To be completely fed up with something (Cette tâche me sort par les yeux.)
To sound like a native speaker, integrate these common expressions into your conversational repertoire: